Avulsion injury

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In the medical world, an avulsion is a wound in which the body structure is forcibly released from the normal point of insertion by trauma or surgery (from Latin avellere , meaning "uproot"). The term most often refers to a surface trauma in which all layers of the skin have been torn, showing the underlying structure (ie subcutaneous tissue, muscle, tendon, or bone). This is similar to abrasion but more severe, because body parts such as eyelids or ears can be partially or completely removed from the body.

Video Avulsion injury

Avulsion skin

The most common avulsion injury, skin avulsion usually occurs during a motor vehicle crash. Avulsion severity ranges from skin flaps (minor) to degloving (moderate) and finger or limb amputations (weight). Suprafascial vibrations are avulsion where the depth of the removed skin reaches the subcutaneous tissue layer, while the subfascial avulsion extends deeper than the subcutaneous layer. Small suprafascial avulions can be repaired with sutures, but most of the avulsion requires a skin graft or reconstructive surgery.

Rock climbing

In rock climbing, "flapper" is an injury in which parts of the skin are torn, resulting in loose skin folds in the fingers. This is usually the result of the friction force between the climber's fingers and the handle, which arises when the climber takes off the handle.

To correct this injury and to continue the climb, many climbers will apply the sports bands to the flapping fingers to cover sensitive areas of damaged skin. Some climbers may even use super glue to attach loose skin to fingers.

Maps Avulsion injury

Avulsion ears

The ears are particularly vulnerable to avulsions injuries because of their position on the sides of the head. The most common causes of ear avulsion are human bites, followed by falls, motor vehicle crashes, and dog bites. Some avulsion ears can be reconnected via suture or microvascular surgery, depending on the severity of the injury. Microvascular surgery can also be used to reattach the ear completely avulsion, but the success rate is lower due to the need for venous drainage. The ear can also be reconstructed with cartilage and skin grafts or external ear prostheses can be made by anaplastologist.

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Eyelid eyelid

Cuteness of the eyelids is rare, but can be caused by a motor vehicle crash, dog bite, or human bite. Eyelid forgetfulness is improved by suture after CT scan is performed to determine where damage to the muscles, nerves, and veins of the eyelids has occurred. Heavier injuries require reconstruction, however, this usually results in loss of function and subsequent operations may be necessary to improve structure and function. Microvascular surgery is another method of repair but is rarely used to treat eye avulsion. Sometimes botulinum toxin is injected into the eyelid to paralyze the muscles while the eyelid heals.

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Nail avulsion

Trauma on the nail can cause the nail plate to tear from the nail bed. Unlike other types of avulsion, when a nail is missing, it is not typically connected. After the loss of the nail, the base of the nail forms a hardened germinal layer when the cells get keratin and become new nails. Until this layer is formed, the open nail bed is very sensitive, and is usually covered with an unattached bandage, as regular clothes will stick to the nail bed and cause pain when removed. In most people, the nails take 3 to 6 months to fully regrow, while toenails require 12 to 18 months.

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Friction of the brachial plexus

In the avtur plexus brachialis, the brachial plexus (a set of nerves that communicate signals between the spine and arms, shoulders, and hands) is torn from its attachment to the spinal cord. One common cause of avulsion brachial plexus is when the baby's shoulders rotate in the birth canal during labor, causing the brachial plexus to stretch and tear. This occurs in 1-2 of every 1,000 births. Trauma of the shoulder during a motor vehicle crash is another common cause of avariation of the brachial plexus. Nerve detection can cause pain and loss of function in the arms, shoulders, and hands. Neuropathic pain can be treated with medication, but only through surgical reattachment or nerve grafts whose function can be recovered. For unbearable pain, a procedure called dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) lesion can be effective.

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Tooth failure

During dental avulsion, the teeth are completely or partially (such as open tooth pulp) irrespective of the socket. Secondary teeth (permanent) can be replaced and stabilized by the dentist. Primary teeth (infants) are not replaced because they tend to be infected and interfere with secondary tooth growth. A completely avulsioned tooth replaced within an hour after an injury can be maintained permanently. Long-term retention rates decrease over time as teeth break off, and eventually root resorption makes tooth replacements impossible. To minimize root damage, teeth should be stored in sterile milk or saline when outside the mouth.

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Magpitian periosteal

During the periosteal avulsion, the periosteum (the fibrous layer that surrounds the bone) releases the surface of the bone. An example of a periosteal avulsion is ALPSA (anterior periosteal arm acceleration).

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Avulsion Surgery

An avulsion is sometimes performed surgically to relieve symptoms of the disorder, or to prevent chronic conditions of relapse. A small incision of avulsion (also called an outpatient phlebectomy) is used to remove varicose veins from the feet in disorders such as chronic venous insufficiency. Nail avulsion is done to lift all or part of the ingrown toenail. Facial nerve avulsion is used to treat involuntary twitches involved in benign benign blepharospasm. However, often requiring additional surgery to maintain function and botulinum toxin injections has been shown to be more effective than surgical avulsions in treating benign essential blepharospasm, while causing fewer complications.