Cryotherapy , sometimes known as cold therapy , is the local or general use of low temperatures in medical therapy. Cryotherapy is used to treat various benign and malignant tissue damage, medically called lesions. The term "cryotherapy" comes from the Greek cryo (????) which means cold , and therapy (??????? ?) Which means heal .
The most prominent use of the term refers to surgical treatment, specifically known as cryosurgery or cryoablation. Cryosurgery is an application of cold extreme to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue and is most commonly used to treat skin conditions.
Cryotherapy is widely used to relieve muscle pain, sprains and swelling either through soft tissue damage or postoperative swelling. This can be a variety of treatments from very low tech applications of ice packs or immersion in ice baths (commonly known as cold therapy) for the use of cold spaces (whole body or partial cryotherapy) and or face masks or body cuffs with controlled temperature, sometimes called hilotherm.
While cryotherapy is widely used, there appears to be little evidence of its efficacy that has been replicated or demonstrated in large controlled studies. Also long-term side effects have not been studied.
Video Cryotherapy
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is an application of cold extreme to destroy abnormal or diseased tissues. The application of ultra-cold liquid causes damage to the treated tissue due to intracellular ice formation. The degree of damage depends on the minimum temperature achieved and the cooling rate. Cryosurgery is used to treat a number of diseases and disorders, especially skin conditions such as warts, moles, skin tags and sun keratosis. Liquid nitrogen is usually used to freeze tissue at the cellular level. This procedure is often used because it is relatively easy and fast, it can be done in doctor's surgery, and is considered low risk enough. If the cancer lesion is suspected, excision of cryosurgery may be considered more appropriate.
Maps Cryotherapy
Ice pack therapy
Ice pack therapy is the treatment of cold temperatures to the injured area of ​​the body. Although this therapy is widely used, and it is agreed that this therapy relieves symptoms, the test has yielded conflicting results about its efficacy.
An ice pack is placed over the wounded area and is intended to absorb heat from a traumatic or edematous injury covered by using conduction to transfer heat energy. The physiological effects of cold application include direct vasoconstriction with reflexive vasodilation, decreased local metabolism and enzymatic activity, and decreased oxygen demand. Cold reduces the activity of spindle muscle fibers and slows the speed of nerve conduction, therefore often used to reduce flexibility and maintain muscle. Usually used to reduce pain due to minor injuries, as well as reduce muscle pain. The use of ice compresses in the treatment decreases the flow of blood early at the beginning of the cooling period, this occurs as a result of vasoconstriction, the initial reflex sympathetic activity.
Ice is not commonly used prior to rehabilitation or performance due to known detrimental effects on performance such as decreased myotatic reflexes and forced production, as well as decreased equilibrium immediately after an ice pack therapy for 20 minutes. However, if ice-pack therapy is applied for less than 10 minutes, performance may occur without adverse effects. If the ice pack is removed at this time, the athlete is sent back to training or direct competition without any performance degradation.
Cold spray anesthesia
In addition to its use in cryosurgery, some types of cold aerosol sprays are used to relieve short-term pain. Ordinary sprays containing tetrafluoroethane, dimethyl ether, or similar substances, are used to kill the skin before or possibly at the site of local anesthetic injections, and before other needles, small incisions, stitches, and so on. Other products containing chloroethane are used to alleviate sports injuries, similar to ice pack therapy.
All body cryotherapy
Whistle body cryotherapy (WBC) is an alternative to cold water immersion or ice packs. While further research to determine the efficacy of treatment recommended a review of available data does not indicate that this treatment has a greater impact than simple ice-cream compress or ice bath treatment.
This treatment involves exposing individuals to very cold, dry air (below -100 ° C) for two to four minutes. To achieve the subzero temperature required for WBC, two methods are commonly used: liquid nitrogen and cooled cooled air. During this exposure, individuals wear minimal clothing, which usually consists of shorts for men, and shorts and crop tops for women. Gloves, woolen headgear over the ears, and nose and mouth masks, in addition to dry shoes and socks, are commonly used to reduce the risk of cold-related injuries. The first WBC room was built in Japan in the late 1970s, but the WBC was not introduced to Europe until the 1980s, and was only used in the US and Australia in the last decade.
The entire body of cryotherapy was originally intended for use in clinical settings to treat patients with conditions such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. WBC is provided in more than 50 European hospitals and medical clinics and is now used in many spas, and athletic training facilities as well. Elite athletes have reported using treatment to relieve delayed muscle pain (DOMS) after sports and recreational athletes begin to imitate elite athletes in using this treatment after exercise. The decrease in muscle and skin tissue temperature after WBC exposure can stimulate skin receptors and stimulate sympathetic adrenergic fibers, leading to narrowing of local arterioles and venules. There has been research showing that WBC stimulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS), with the dominance of parasympathetic tone activation, after exposure but does not seem to be duplicated.
Adverse effects
A systematic review of whole-body cryotherapy has repeatedly called for research to implement active oversight of the side effects, which are suspected to be under-reported. If cold temperatures are produced by evaporating liquid nitrogen, there is a risk of inert gas asphyxia as well as frostbite.
Partial body chemistry
Partial Body Cryotherapy (PBC) or 'cryosaunas' device is a cylindrical room, usually having a hole at the top, with the patient's head remaining outside and not exposed to cold stimulation. This device is commonly used throughout the United States and incorrectly referred to as offering "Entire Body Cryotherapy". A further key difference between PBC and WBC is the use of liquid nitrogen injection that is evaporated into the PBC space with potential adverse effects as listed below.
Adverse effects
If cold temperatures are produced by evaporating liquid nitrogen, there is a risk of inert gas asphyxia as well as frostbite.
See also
- Cryonics
- Cold surprise response
- Cold compression therapy
References
External links
- Cryotherapy at the US National Library of Medicine, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Rugby World Cup 2011: How cryotherapy space allows Wales to enter from the cold air
- Cryotherapy Helps Leicester City Win the Premier League Championship
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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