Deep peroneal nerve

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The deep peroneal nerve ( deep fibular nerve ) begins in the bifurcation of the general peroneal nerve between the fibula and upper portion of the peroneus longus, through the infero-medial, into the extensor digitorum longus, to the anterior surface of the interosseous membrane, and related to the anterior tibial artery above the center of the legs; then down with an artery to the front of the ankle joint, where it divides into lateral and the medial terminal branch .

Video Deep peroneal nerve

Structure

The lateral side of the foot

The deep peroneal nerve is the nerve of the anterior limb compartment and the dorsum of the foot. This is one of the terminal branches of the general peroneal nerve. This corresponds to the posterior interosseal nerve of the forearm. It begins on the lateral side of the fibula bone, and then enters the anterior compartment by piercing the anterior intermuscular septum. It then penetrates the extensor digitorum longus and lies next to the anterior tibial artery, following the arterial path to the ankle joint where the nerve is divided into the medial and lateral terminal branches. At the foot, the deep peroneal nerve divides into several branches:

• Muscular branch - supplying four leg muscles: anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius

Leg

Close to the ankle joint, the deep peroneal nerve ends by dividing into the medial and lateral terminal branches.

• The medial terminal branch - This nerve accompanies the dorsal artery of the pedis along the dorsum of the foot, and, in the first interosseous space, is divided into two digital dorsal nerves that supply the adjacent side of the large toes, and second, communicate with the medial dorsal cutaneous branch of the superficial peroneal nerve. Before dividing it gives off to the first chamber of the interosseous branch that supplies the metatarsophalangeal joints of the big toe and sends the filaments to the first Interoseus dorsal muscle.

• Lateral terminal branch - This nerve passes through the tarsus, below the extensor digitorum brevis, and supplies the extensor digitorum brevis. This nerve ends up with a distant pseudoganglion to the extensor digitorum brevis. From pseudoganglion, three minute branches are given to supply tarsal joints and metatarsophalangeal joints from second, third, and fourth fingers.

Maps Deep peroneal nerve

Function

In the legs, the deep peroneal nerve supplies the muscular branch to the anterior compartment of the extensor muscle in the leg which includes the anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius, and extensor hallusis longus (propius), and articular branches to the joint ankle. After the bifurcation passes through the ankle joint, the lateral branch of the peroneal nerve deepens the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis, while the medial branch proceeds to provide the cutaneous innervation of the woven between the first and second digits.

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Clinical interests

Damage to the deep peroneal nerve, as is possible with a traumatic injury to the lateral knee, causes a decrease in the foot. The deep peroneal nerve is also injured by lower motor neurone disease, diabetes, ischemia, and conditions of infection or inflammation. Injury to the common peroneal nerve is the most common isolated mononeuropathies of the lower limb and produces sensory problems in the lateral forearm beside a drop of foot.

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Additional images

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References

This article combines text in the public domain of page 965 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

• Photo anatomy: 16: st-0601 in SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Foot: Nerves"

Source of the article : Wikipedia