Head injury criterion

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The Head Injury Criteria (HIC) is a measure of the possibility of a head injury arising from the impact. HIC can be used to assess the safety associated with vehicles, personal protective equipment, and sports equipment.

Usually this variable comes from an accelerometer measurement mounted in the center of the dummy head mass mass of an accident test, when the doll is exposed to an accident style.

Ini didefinisikan sebagai: $            {\displaystyle                               \mathit{H}                                                \mathit{Saya}                                                \mathit{C}                          =                              \{                                                [                                    \frac{1}{              t_{                  2                }              -              t_{                  1                }            }                {?}_{            t_{                1              }          }^{            t_{                2              }          }        a        (        t        )        d        t        {                          ]                      }^{            2.5          }                  \left(                      t_{                2              }            -            t_{                1              }                    \right)                {                          \}                      }_{            m            a            x          }      }        \{\backslash \; displaystyle\; \{\backslash \; mathit\; \{H\}\}\; \{\backslash \; mathit\; \{I\}\}\; \{\backslash \; mathit\; \{C\}\}\; =\; \{\backslash \; bigg\; \backslash \; \{\}\; \{\backslash \; Big\; [\}\; \{\backslash \; frac\; \{1\}\; \{t\_\; \{2\}\; -t\_\; \{1\}\}\}\; \backslash \; int\; \_\; \{t\_\; \{1\}\}\; ^\; \{t\_\; \{2\}\}\; a\; (t)\; dt\; \{\backslash \; Big]\}\; ^\; \{2.5\}\; \backslash \; kiri\; (t\_\; \{2\}\; -t\_\; \{1\}\; \backslash \; kanan)\; \{\backslash \; bigg\; \backslash \}\}\; \_\; \{max\}\}\;  ÂÂ$

di mana t ₁ dan t ₂ adalah waktu awal dan terakhir (dalam detik) dipilih untuk memaksimalkan HIC, dan akselerasi a diukur dalam g s (percepatan gravitasi standar). Durasi waktu, t ₂ - t ₁ , dibatasi hingga nilai maksimum 36 ms, biasanya 15 Nona.

This means that HIC includes the effect of head acceleration and the duration of acceleration. Large acceleration can be tolerated for a very short time.

In HIC 1000, there is a 18% chance of a severe head injury, 55% chance of serious injury and possibly 90% moderate to moderate head injury.

Video Head injury criterion

Car safety

The HIC is used to determine the US National Highway Traffic Safety (NHTSA) rating for car safety and to determine the rating provided by the Insurance Institute for Road Safety.

According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the risk of head injury is evaluated primarily based on the criteria of head injury. A value of 700 is the maximum permitted under the terms of the advanced US airbag regulations (NHTSA, 2000) and is the maximum score for an "acceptable" IIHS rating for a particular vehicle.

HIC-15 (meaning an impact size of more than 15 milliseconds) of 700 is thought to represent a 5 percent risk of severe injury (Mertz et al., 1997). The "heavy" injury is one with a score of 4 on the Short Scale Injury (AIS) (Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 1990).

Data for certain vehicles can be found on various automotive review websites. Some examples of data are as follows, for comparison purposes:

• 1998 Ford Windstar, marketed as one of the safest minivans of the year, was tested for the HIC score = 353.
• Small car, Dodge Neon 1998, tested at HIC = 655.
• The public family sedan, Toyota Camry 1998, was tested on HIC = 525.
• Camry 2007 was also tested in the same range as the 1998 model, at HIC = 505.

Comprehensive searchable vehicle databases and their HIC scores are available at safercar.gov.

Maps Head injury criterion

Athletics and recreation

Sports physiologists and biomechanics experts use HIC in safety equipment research and guidelines for competitive sports and leisure. In one study, a concussion was found to occur in HIC = 250 in most athletes. Studies have been conducted on skis and other sports to test the adequacy of helmets

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See also

• Car security
• Trial
• Sports injuries
• Konkusi
• Concussion related sports
• The concussion assessment system

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References

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External links

• Use of Head Injury Criteria in Damage Test Ratings
• Measurement and Injury Criteria

Source of the article : Wikipedia