Corneal abrasion is a scratch to the surface of the cornea of ​​the eye. Symptoms include pain, redness, light sensitivity, and feeling like a foreign object in the eye. Most people recover fully in three days.
Most cases are caused by minor eye trauma as can occur with the use of contact lenses or from finger nails. Approximately 25% of cases occur in the workplace. Diagnosis is often done with slit lamp examination after fluorescent dye has been applied. More significant injuries such as corneal ulcers, world rupture, recurrent erosive syndrome, and foreign objects in the eye should be ruled out.
Prevention includes the use of eye protection. Treatment is usually with an antibiotic ointment. In those who wear contact lenses, fluoroquinolone antibiotics are often recommended. Paracetamol (acetaminophen), NSAIDs, and eye drops such as cyclopentolate that cause pupillary paralysis can help with pain. The evidence does not support the use of eye patching for those with simple blisters.
About 3 per 1,000 people are affected one year in the United States. Men are more affected than women. The age groups affected are those in their 20s and 30s. Complications can include bacterial keratitis, corneal ulcers, and iritis. Complications can occur in up to 8% of people.
Video Corneal abrasion
Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms of corneal abrasion include pain, problems with bright light, foreign body sensations, too much squinting, and reflex tear production. Signs include epithelial and edema defects, and often redness in the eyes. Vision may be blurred, both from corneal swelling and from excess tears. Crusty buildup due to excess tears can also be present.
Maps Corneal abrasion
Cause
Corneal abrasion generally results from trauma to the surface of the eye. Common causes include being pinched with fingers, walking to branches of trees, and wearing old contact lenses. Foreign objects in the eye can also cause scratches if the eyes are rubbed.
Injuries can also be caused by "loud" or "soft" contact lenses that have been left out for too long. Damage can occur when the lens is removed, rather than when the lens is still in contact with the eye. In addition, if the cornea becomes very dry, the cornea becomes more fragile and easily damaged by movement on the surface. Wearing soft contact lenses overnight has been widely associated with gram-negative keratitis (corneal infection) primarily by bacteria known as Pseudomonas aeruginosa formed in the biofilm of the eye as a result of the use of extended soft contact lenses. When corneal abrasion occurs either from the contact lens itself or other sources, the injured cornea is much more susceptible to this type of bacterial infection than non-contact lens users. This is an optical emergency because vision (in some cases of the eye) is threatening. Contact lens wearers who come with corneal abrasions should not be put under pressure because it has been shown through clinical studies that patching creates a warm, humid and dark environment that can cause the cornea to become infected or cause an existing infection to be greatly accelerated in the event of damage. Street.
Corneal abrasion is also a common and recurrent feature in people suffering from certain types of corneal dystrophy, such as lattice cortical dystrophy. Lattice dystrophy gets its name from the accumulation of amyloid deposits, or abnormal protein fibers, throughout the middle and anterior stroma. During an eye examination, the doctor sees these deposits in the stroma as clear and comatose overlapping points, creating a lattice effect. Over time, the grid lines will become blurred and involve more stroma. They will also gradually coalesce, giving the cornea a turbidity that can also reduce vision. In some people, these abnormal fiber fibers can accumulate beneath the outer layers of the cornea - the epithelium. This can cause epithelial erosion. This condition is known as recurrent epithelial erosion. This erosion: (1) Changes the normal curvature of the cornea, resulting in temporary vision problems; and (2) Expose the nerve that lines the cornea, causing severe pain. Even a blinking unconscious can be painful.
Boehm Syndrome defines erosion events that occur only during sleep periods.
Diagnosis
Although corneal abrasion can be seen with ophthalmoscopes, the slit lamp microscope provides a higher magnification that allows for a more thorough evaluation. To aid in seeing, fluorescent stains that fill in corneal defects and glow with blue-light cobalt are generally implanted first.
A careful search must be made for foreign bodies, especially looking under the eyelids. Injuries that follow the use of hammers or power tools should always increase the possibility of penetrating foreign objects into the eye, for which urgent ophthalmological opinions must be sought.
Treatment
Drugs
Topical antibiotics may make sense.
One review has found that eye drops to turn off eye surfaces such as tetracaine increase pain; However, their security is not clear. Other reviews found no evidence of benefits and concluded there was not enough safety data.
NSAIDs eye drops are also useful. A 2000 review found no good evidence to support a drug that crippled the iris. A 2017 review found no evidence to suggest that topical NSAIDs would significantly reduce pain over standard care treatments, but found that NSAIDs could be associated with people who used less pain medication by mouth.
Patch
A meta-analysis found evidence that did not support the use of patches.
Recurrent illness
There is no good evidence for the treatment of recurrent disease. Custom content lenses do not look very useful.
Complications
Complications are exceptions rather than rules of simple corneal abrasion. It is important that any foreign body be identified and removed, especially if it contains iron as rusty will occur.
Sometimes the cured epithelium may be less adherent to the underlying basement membrane where it can release at intervals that cause recurrent corneal erosion.
Other animals
References
External links
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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